Mango hoppers are one of the most serious pests of mango trees, causing damage by feeding on plant sap and secreting honeydew, which leads to sooty mold formation. The most common species are Idioscopus clypealis and Idioscopus niveosparsus.
Damage Symptoms:
- Nymphs and adults suck sap from young leaves, flowers, and tender shoots.
- Excessive feeding causes flower and fruit drop.
- Honeydew secretion leads to sooty mold, reducing photosynthesis and overall plant health.
Management Strategies:
Cultural Control:
- Prune overcrowded branches to improve ventilation and reduce hopper populations.
- Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilization, which promotes tender growth that attracts hoppers.
- Remove weeds and debris to reduce shelter for hoppers.
Biological Control:
- Release predators like Chrysoperla carnea (green lacewing) and parasitoids like Goniozus sp.
- Encourage natural enemies such as spiders and predatory beetles.
Chemical Control:
- Apply neem-based pesticides (Azadirachtin 1500 ppm) as an eco-friendly option.
- Use contact insecticides (e.g., Lambda-cyhalothrin, Deltamethrin) during peak infestation.
- For severe cases, apply systemic insecticides like Imidacloprid or Thiamethoxam.
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