Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% WS Fungicide Uses

Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% WS is a combination seed-treatment fungicide that pairs carboxin, a systemic carboxamide fungicide, with thiram, a multi-site contact fungicide of the dithiocarbamate group. It is registered for use in India under the Insecticides Act, 1968, formulated as a water-dispersible powder for slurry seed treatment (WS). It is registered for treating the seed of wheat, soybean, cotton, groundnut, pigeon pea and potato against loose smut and other seed-borne and early soil-borne diseases, including collar rot, charcoal rot, seed rot, root rot, stem rot, Fusarium wilt and black scurf. This page lists its mode of action, key benefits and the recommended seed-treatment dose as per the Central Insecticides Board & Registration Committee (CIB&RC) official list of approved fungicide uses (Government of India).

Which Problem Is This For? (Symptom Guide)

Not sure whether what you're seeing in the field matches this fungicide's use case? This guide helps match symptoms to this fungicide's approved crop-wise uses.

Mode of Action

This seed treatment combines two fungicides with different modes of action. Carboxin is a carboxamide — FRAC Group 7 (succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, SDHI); it blocks complex II of the respiratory chain in fungal mitochondria, cutting off the fungus's energy supply. It is systemic: it is absorbed by the germinating seed and moves into the seedling, which is why it controls fungi carried inside the seed, such as the loose smut fungus of wheat. Thiram is a dithiocarbamate — FRAC Group M03 (multi-site contact activity); it forms a protective coat on the seed surface and inactivates many fungal enzymes at once, killing surface-borne spores and soil fungi that attack the seed and young roots. The two are combined to protect the seed both inside and outside, and because pairing a single-site fungicide (carboxin) with a multi-site partner (thiram) reduces the risk of resistance developing.

Features & Benefits

• Two modes of action in one product — systemic (carboxin, FRAC 7) and multi-site contact (thiram, FRAC M03).
• Systemic carboxin reaches fungi carried inside the seed, such as loose smut of wheat, which surface-only treatments cannot reach.
• Protects seed and seedlings against seed rot, collar rot, root rot, stem rot, charcoal rot, wilt and black scurf in the early crop stage.
• Registered for wheat, soybean, cotton, groundnut, pigeon pea and potato, with simple per-kg-of-seed dosing.
• Being a seed treatment, CIB states that no waiting period before harvest is required.

Recommended Usage of Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% WS Fungicide

The table below gives the recommended seed-treatment dose, slurry water and waiting period for each crop, as registered by CIB&RC per kg of seed — see the note below the table for details. Always confirm against the current product label before use.

This is a seed treatment, so doses are given per kg of seed exactly as listed by CIB&RC, not per acre: wheat, soybean and groundnut 2.25 g a.i./kg seed (3.0 g formulation/kg seed); cotton 2.5 g a.i./kg seed (3.5 g formulation/kg seed); pigeon pea 3 g a.i./kg seed (4.0 g formulation/kg seed); potato 1.87 g a.i./kg seed (2.5 g formulation/kg seed); water 10 ml per kg of seed to make the slurry for all crops. CIB states that, being a seed treatment, no waiting period is required. Always confirm the current dose on your specific product's label before use.

How to Use

1. Identify your crop and the target disease from the tables above, and weigh the seed to be treated.
2. Weigh out the product at the rate given for your crop (grams per kg of seed) and mix it with water at 10 ml per kg of seed to make a smooth slurry.
3. Put the seed in a seed-treating drum, a clean container or on a plastic sheet, add the slurry and mix thoroughly until every seed is evenly coated.
4. Dry the treated seed in the shade, spread out in a thin layer, and sow it the same day or as soon as possible after treatment.
5. For potato, treat the seed tubers evenly with the slurry and let them dry in the shade before planting.
6. If the seed is also to be treated with an insecticide or a biological inoculant (such as Rhizobium culture), follow the sequence and compatibility advice on the product label or from your local agricultural extension office.

Precautions & Safety

• Wear gloves, a mask and full-sleeved clothing while treating seed, and avoid inhaling the powder; do not mix seed with bare hands.
• Thiram can irritate the skin, eyes and airways — wash off any contact immediately, and avoid drinking alcohol on the day of handling the product.
• Treated seed is for sowing only — never use it for human or animal consumption, and keep it away from poultry and livestock.
• Do not store treated seed together with food grains; label bags of treated seed clearly.
• Being a seed treatment, CIB states that no waiting period (PHI) is required before harvest.
• Bury or safely dispose of leftover treated seed and empty packets away from water sources; do not let rinse water reach ponds or streams.
• Store in the original, tightly closed container in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, food and feed, and out of reach of children and livestock.
• Wash hands, face and any exposed skin thoroughly with soap and water after handling, and change out of contaminated clothing before eating, drinking or smoking.

Brand names mentioned on this page are registered trademarks of their respective owners and are referenced here for identification purposes only; FarmMate is not affiliated with or endorsed by these brands. This page is for general information only — always consult your local agricultural extension office and confirm the current product label before use.